“The biggest scandal in broadcasting history...”

Donald Trump filed a lawsuit against CBS on 31st October last year, accusing the TV network of misleading voters in the runup to the US presidential election. The lawsuit highlighted a discrepancy between two versions of an interview with former vice president Kamala Harris, and it sought an extraordinary $10 billion in damages.

Harris was interviewed by CBS News correspondent Bill Whitaker, and clips from the interview were aired on Face the Nation on 5th October 2024. A longer version of the interview was broadcast on 60 Minutes on the following day. Harris was asked about Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, and the lawsuit notes that “Kamala replies to Whitaker with her typical word salad” in the Face the Nation clip, while she “appears to reply to Whitaker with a completely different, more succinct answer” on 60 Minutes.

The Face the Nation clip shows Harris answering the question by saying: “Well, Bill, the work that we have done has resulted in a number of movements in that region by Israel that were very much prompted by or a result of many things, including our advocacy for what needs to happen in the region.” In the 60 Minutes segment, her answer is: “We are not going to stop pursuing what is necessary for the United States to be clear about where we stand on the need for this war to end.”

The lawsuit argued that the 60 Minutes interview was edited to make Harris appear more coherent. With his characteristic hyperbole, at a rally on 23rd October 2024 Trump said: “I think it’s the biggest scandal in broadcasting history.” Today, CBS released a full transcript of the interview — something that Trump’s lawsuit had called for — which reveals that the Face the Nation clip was the first half of her answer to the question, and the 60 Minutes version was the second half of her answer to the same question.

It’s common practice for TV networks to edit extended interviews for reasons of timing, using different clips and soundbites for various platforms or shows. Nevertheless, The New York Times reported on 30th January that Paramount, CBS’s parent company, was negotiating an out-of-court settlement with Trump. Similarly, ABC News settled a Trump defamation lawsuit in December last year, despite having a strong legal case.

Trump was successfully sued for libel by E. Jean Carroll. However, Trump’s own libel suits — filed previously against Bill Maher, Timothy L. O’Brien, Michael Wolff, Bob Woodward, The New York Times, and CNN — have all been unsuccessful.

Flowers in the Rain:The Untold Story of The Move

Jim McCarthy covers the history of the 1960s psychedelic rock band The Move in his new book Flowers in the Rain: The Untold Story of The Move, including the libel case brought against the band by former UK prime minister Harold Wilson in 1967. To promote their single Flowers in the Rain, the band’s manager Tony Secunda commissioned Neil Smith to draw a caricature of Wilson in bed with his secretary, Marcia Williams, implying that they were having an affair. Secunda sent copies of the drawing on 500 postcards to newspapers, magazines, and radio stations, though the stunt quickly backfired when Wilson sued for defamation. Wilson won the case on 11th October 1967, and was awarded all royalties from the single in perpetuity (which he donated to charity).

Significantly, McCarthy’s book — an exhaustive history of the band — includes an illustration of the postcard, which is perhaps the first time it has appeared in print in more than fifty years. (It was previously reproduced on p. 22 of the very first issue of Rolling Stone, on 9th November 1967.) McCarthy’s book was published in November 2024, and less than two months later, the postcard was also reproduced in The Oldie magazine’s January issue (no. 447, p. 62). Being a US magazine, Rolling Stone wasn’t affected by UK libel law, and as Wilson and Williams are both now deceased, there is no longer a restriction on publication of the postcard in the UK.

Japanese Film Festival 2025

The Japanese Film Festival 2025 (เทศกาลภาพยนตร์ญี่ปุ่น 2568) will take place in four cities around Thailand, from 7th February to 2nd March. The event includes screenings of Katsuhiro Otomo’s Akira (アキラ) at each location, with multiple screenings in Bangkok.

Akira will be shown at House Samyan in Bangkok on 7th, 9th, 15th, and 16th Februry. It will be screened at the Maielie art gallery in Khon Kaen on 16th February. Its next screening will be at Chiang Mai University’s Communication Innovation Center on 22nd February. Finally, it will be shown at Lorem Ipsum in Songkhla on 28th February.

Akira is a key film in the history of cyberpunk and Japanese anime. It was previously screened at Arcadia in 2023, and at Jam Cinéclub in 2019.

Re/Place

Wittawat Tongkeaw’s exhibition Re/Place opened at VS Gallery in Bangkok on 30th January, and runs until 6th April (extended from the original closing date of 30th March). As in the artist’s other recent exhibitions, he uses colours and numbers as coded references to Thai politics. The Re/Place paintings are also a fusion of his earlier landscape paintings and his increasing shift towards geometric abstraction, as each piece is an existing work with new overpainting.

Wittawat has worked consistently with the colour blue, in his 841.594 exhibition and his Imagining Law-abiding Citizens portrait series. (The colour has a symbolic meaning, derived from the Thai flag.) Two paintings in the Re/Place exhibition — Orange and Blue and Blue Dots — depict contrasts between blue and orange, with orange dominating, and orange is the colour of the progressive People’s Party, which called for reform of the lèse-majesté law.

Similarly, Wittawat has painted dramatic sunsets in which blue skies give way to bright orange sunlight, shown at the Mango Art Festival 2024. The Re/Place exhibition features another of these sunset paintings, Fire in the Sky, to which Wittawat has added quotations from monarchy-reform campaigner Arnon Nampa’s letters from prison. He has also added quotes from Arnon’s letters to a second painting, Blue Wave.

One of the works with the most extensive overpainting is Blues Square, which is now entirely blue. In the centre, Wittawat has added a drawing of Arnon by the campaigner’s daughter, a reminder that political prisoners are separated from their families. Wittawat previously painted a portrait of Arnon, Captain Justice (ทนายอานนท์), which had a blue background in reference both to the Thai flag and to the colour’s idiomatic meaning (sadness). That double meaning is repeated in the title Blues Square.

The Blues Square canvas measures 112cm², like Wittawat’s geometric abstraction series shown in the Symphony of Colours group exhibition at M Contemporary in Bangkok last year. Also, the Re/Place catalogue is being sold for ฿112, and these amounts are not coincidental, as lèse-majesté is article 112 of the Thai criminal code.

Another painting in the Re/Place exhibition features a different colour and number: army green and thirteen, both in reference to the thirteen successful military coups in Thai political history. Thirteen Green Lines uses vertical stripes of varying thickness to indicate the relative timespans of each coup.

Nineteen Degree, like Blues Square, has been entirely overpainted: the original portrait underneath has been replaced by an intentionally uncontroversial view of the Champs-Élysées in Paris. Nineteen Degree is displayed in such a way that both the front and back of the canvas can be seen, in a continuation of that painting’s exhibition history.

At a previous exhibition, The L/Royal Monument (นิ/ราษฎร์), Nineteen Degree’s canvas was shown facing the wall, leaving only its reverse on display. (At that time, the portrait had not yet been overpainted with the Parisian scene.) Nineteen Degree is the work’s third title: the original portrait was titled พระเกียรติคุณ กว้างใหญ่ไพศาล (‘his honour spread far and wide’), and at The L/Royal Monument the visible reverse of the canvas was titled The Masterpiece (มาสเตอร์พีซ).

Collapsing Clouds Form Stars

Som Supaparinya’s exhibition Collapsing Clouds Form Stars (ฝุ่นถล่มเป็นดาว) opened on 30th January at Gallery VER in Bangkok. It was originally scheduled to close on 22nd March, though it has now been extended until 26th April. (A catalogue will be published soon.) The centrepiece, after which the exhibition is named, is an installation of 279 ribbons, each of which contains a quotation from Thai political history.

These quotes include the notorious monk Kittivuddho Bhikku’s justification for the killing of Communists, a comment that set the stage for the 6th October 1976 massacre. Other ribbons feature lyrics by Rap Against Dictatorship, among many other examples. The quotes have also been translated into Morse code, which is played over a PA system for the duration of the exhibition.

The use of Morse code, which renders the quotations unintelligible, echoes an earlier piece of sound art by the same artist, Speeches of the Unheard. For this project, an episode of the podcast series Die Erde Spricht (‘the earth is speaking’), Som used computer software to turn extracts from political speeches into birdsong. The speeches included one given by red-shirt leader Nattawut Saikua on 30th December 2007, and one by Arnon Nampa on 16th September 2020.

The exhibition also includes Banned Books, an installation consisting of five books, banned by previous Thai governments, tightly wrapped in more ribbons. The books are: แลไปข้างหน้า (‘looking into the future’), ด้วยเลือดและชีวิต (‘the one-eyed elephant and the elephant genie’), The Real Face of Thai Feudalism Today (โฉมหน้าศักดินาไทย), นิราศหนองคาย (‘poem of Nong Khai’), and ทรัพย์ศาสตร์ (‘economics’, Thailand’s first textbook on that subject).

The book Dissident Citizen (ราษฎรกำแหง) also used Morse code to conceal a political message. Several previous exhibitions — including The Grandmaster (สนทนากับปรมาจารย์), Derivatives and Integrals (อนุพันธ์ และปริพันธ์), The L/Royal Monument (นิ/ราษฎร์), and Unforgetting History — have also featured banned books. Sarakadee (สำรคดี) magazine (vol. 22, no. 260) published an extensive article on the history of book censorship, and the journal Underground Buleteen (no. 8) printed a list of books banned between 1932 and 1985.

Doc Talk 02Breaking the Cycle

Doc Club’s Doc Talk series of discussions with documentary filmmakers began at Doc Club and Pub last year with a screening of Breaking the Cycle (อำนาจ ศรัทธา อนาคต) and a Q&A with its directors Aekaphong Saransate and Thanakrit Duangmaneeporn. This year, Doc Club launched a new Doc Talk series at Thammasat University, and Doc Talk 02 will also feature Breaking the Cycle, followed by a discussion with Aekaphong.

The film is a fly-on-the-wall account of the Future Forward party, which was dissolved by the Constitutional Court in 2020. It will be screened at Thammasat’s College of Innovation on 21st February, which is the fifth anniversary of the court’s verdict. (Future Forward was founded as a progressive alternative to military dictatorship. The party came third in the 2019 election, after a wave of support for its charismatic leader, Thanathorn Juangroongruangkit, though he was disqualified as an MP by the Constitutional Court.)

Breaking the Cycle begins in 2014 with Thanathorn’s determination to end the vicious cycle of military coups that has characterised Thailand’s modern political history. This mission gives the film its title, and Future Forward co-founder Piyabutr Saengkanokkul asks: “Why is Thailand stuck in this cycle of coups?” The documentary benefits from its extensive access to every senior figure within Future Forward. The directors were even able to film Thanathorn as he reacted to the guilty verdicts being delivered by the Constitutional Court.

The film ends with the caption “THE CYCLE CONTINUES”, which is sadly accurate: Future Forward’s successor, Move Forward, was dissolved by the Constitutional Court last year despite winning the 2023 election. The movement’s third incarnation, the People’s Party, will need a landslide victory in the next election to challenge the current pro-military coalition led by Pheu Thai.

Breaking the Cycle went on general release last year. It was later shown at the Thai Film Archive in Salaya, as part of the Lost and Longing (แด่วันคืนที่สูญหาย) season. It was also screened at A.E.Y. Space in Songkla, and at the Bangsaen Film Festival at Burapha University. It was part of the Hits Me Movies... One More Time programme at House Samyan in Bangkok.

The Bibi Files

Benjamin Netanyahu, Prime Minister of Israel, is on trial for corruption, and videos of his police interviews were leaked to filmmaker Alex Gibney. This footage, filmed in Netanyahu’s office while he was being questioned under caution, is included in Alexis Bloom’s documentary The Bibi Files, which was released last year.

Netanyahu applied for an injunction at the Jerusalem District Court on 9th September 2024, hours before the film was due to be screened at the Toronto International Film Festival in Canada. The injunction was denied, and the screening went ahead, though the film cannot legally be shown in Israel, as Israeli law prohibits the publication of police interview recordings.

The Bibi Files reveals Netanyahu and his wife Sara’s extraordinary sense of entitlement, as they at first deny receiving bribes and later attempt to justify the luxury gifts they were given. The PM is seen performatively banging his fist on his desk, calling prosecution witnesses liars — “What a liar!”, he says at one point, in English — and even quoting The Godfather: “Keep your friends close, keep your enemies closer.”

Cracking the Kube: Solving the Mysteries of Stanley Kubrick through Archival Research

The Stanley Kubrick Archive at the University of the Arts in London opened in 2007, giving unprecedented access to hundreds of boxes of documentation accumulated by Kubrick throughout his career. (A copy of my research into Kubrick’s photography is included in one box, presumably printed out by someone in Kubrick’s office.) The archive has transformed Kubrick scholarship, with a new focus on the primary sources available there. This has led to revisionist accounts of Kubrick’s working methods, most notably Mick Broderick’s Reconstructing Strangelove and James Fenwick’s Stanley Kubrick Produces.

In his new book Cracking the Kube: Solving the Mysteries of Stanley Kubrick through Archival Research, Filippo Ulivieri goes a stage further: he not only corrects the persistent misconceptions about Kubrick’s life and work, he also identifies their origins. And Ulivieri’s findings are groundbreaking: “Kubrick deliberately crafted his own distinctive persona,” he writes. The legends surrounding Kubrick — his obsessive secrecy, his perfectionism, his eccentricities — were the result of strategic self-mythologising by the director: “what we know about him is in fact a mythology of his own design”.

This conclusion, based on a detailed analysis of hundreds of published interviews with Kubrick, is one of numerous revelations in Cracking the Kube. The book also features a uniquely comprehensive survey of Kubrick’s unmade films (of which there were more than eighty), including the first complete account of Kubrick’s pre-production of A.I. (prior to its development by Steven Spielberg). Ulivieri also fully explores Kubrick’s collaborations with the writers Anthony Burgess, Stephen King, and Frederic Raphael for the first time, and writes a nuanced defence of Raphael’s controversial Kubrick memoir Eyes Wide Open.

Cracking the Kube is the product of extensive archival research, and Ulivieri has also interviewed many of Kubrick’s closest collaborators. Aside from its impeccable scholarly credentials, the book is also incredibly well-written. Ulivieri’s first book, Stanley Kubrick e me, was published in English translation as Stanley Kubrick and Me. He is also a co-author of 2001 between Kubrick and Clarke (2001 tra Kubrick e Clarke) which, like Cracking the Kube, was self-published. He writes that there are “over a hundred books” on Kubrick’s films, and at least half of these are on Dateline Bangkok’s bookshelves.

Blind but seeing.Deaf but hearing.Dumb but will say.

Surajate Tongchua’s exhibition Blind but seeing. Deaf but hearing. Dumb but will say. features a series of small watercolour paintings, annotated with stamped slogans. An introductory text explains that the paintings represent “elite families — powerful figures who exploit and Consume the common people, Reflecting the imbalance and injustice suffered by society.”

The exhibition comments on the use of taxpayers’ money, Siam Bioscience, infrastructure megaprojects, and the deaths of political dissidents. Blind but seeing. Deaf but hearing. Dumb but will say. — its title written as three prose sentences — opened at Cartel Artspace on 14th December last year, and runs until 21st February.

Dog God

Ing K.’s film Dog God (คนกราบหมา) will be shown at Chiang Mai University’s Faculty of Social Sciences on 29th January, as part of their ดูหนังกับสังวิท (‘watch movies with Social Sciences’) programme. Her film Shakespeare Must Die (เชคสเปียร์ต้องตาย) was screened there on 22nd January, and both films were previously banned in Thailand for many years.

Dog God was banned in 1998 under its original English title, My Teacher Eats Biscuits. Ing re-edited the film in 2020, and this director’s cut — ten minutes shorter than the original version, and retitled Dog God — was approved by the film censorship board in October 2023. It was finally released in Thai cinemas last year.

My Teacher Eats Biscuits was banned on the day before its premiere at the inaugural Bangkok Film Festival, on the grounds that it satirised religion. As Ing explained in an interview for Thai Cinema Uncensored: “This is like banning John Waters’ Pink Flamingos for bad taste!” In other words, the religious satire was the whole point of the film. (Also in that interview, Ing referred to the censors as “a bunch of trembling morons”. Another reason for the ban was that the censors misinterpreted a character, Princess Serena, as an impersonation of Princess Galyani.)

Like Pink Flamingos, Ing’s film is a low-budget, independent movie shot on 16mm. (Coincidentally, Pink Flamingos was also passed by the Thai censors in 2023.) A plot synopsis — a monk catches another monk in the act of necrophilia, and a woman establishes a cult of dog worshippers — gives the false impression that the film is offensive or blasphemous. In fact, the film has a camp sensibility (which it shares with Pink Flamingos), and its tone is clearly parodic.

The film begins with a voice-over by Ing, describing her character’s previous incarnation as a devout monk. He reports the necrophile monk to his abbot, who seems completely unconcerned. Disillusioned by Buddhism, he burns his saffron robe, and is reincarnated as a woman, Satri, played by the director. At the end of the film, Satri explains her rejection of organised religion in an extended monologue: “I had to free myself from the pollution of the yellow robe, which, in my eyes, became a symbol of corruption.”

Satri’s cult is exposed as a fraud by two undercover investigators, though the film presents Buddhism as equally hypocritical. When an investigator tells a senior monk (who drinks whiskey) about the cult, his response is: “A dog in a monk’s robe is not so bad.” Reflecting on this, the investigator concludes: “With monks like him, no wonder the image of Buddhism gets worse and worse.” We are later informed that he has left to investigate “a drunken orgy with seven senior monks.”

Due to the ban, My Teacher Eats Biscuits was rarely seen, either in Thailand or elsewhere. As critic Graiwoot Chulpongsathorn wrote in 2009, it is “a film so controversial that it has been ‘disappeared’ from history.” It was shown at the Goethe-Institut in Bangkok in 1998, and at Chulalongkorn University’s Faculty of Political Science on 17th December 2009. At the Chulalongkorn screening, Ing explained that the necrophile monk character was based on a news story about a real monk, and that when she told this to the censors, their candid answer was: “ข่าวสารเรา control ไม่ได้ แต่หนังเรา control ได้” (‘we can’t control news, but we can control movies’).

The film had three European screenings in 2017. It was shown at the Close-Up Film Centre in London; at the Deutsches Filminstitut in Frankfurt, Germany; and at the Cinéma du réel (‘cinema of the real’) festival in Paris. To celebrate its return to Thai cinemas, Ing designed t-shirts with the slogan “กราบหมาเถิดลูก” (‘bow down to the dog’). After the ban was lifted, the film was shown at the Bangsaen Film Festival.

“All-you-can-eat buffet of wild lies...”

This week, two disgraced rap stars have filed defamation lawsuits after being accused of abusive behaviour. Chris Brown sued Warner Bros. on 21st January, and Sean Combs sued Nexstar Media a day later. The separate lawsuits were filed almost simultaneously, and coincidentally the TV programmes they target were also broadcast within days of each other.

The documentary Chris Brown: A History of Violence (which has no credited director) was first shown on the US cable TV channel Investigation Discovery (owned by Warner Bros.) on 27th October 2024. Brown is seeking $500 million in damages.

In a 31st October 2024 interview on the NewsMax cable TV show Banfield, Courtney Burgess claimed to have seen video evidence of abuse by Combs. (The interview is still online on the Newsmax YouTube channel.) Combs is suing Burgess and the owners of Newsmax, Nexstar; his lawsuit calls the interview an “all-you-can-eat buffet of wild lies”.

Husain: The Timeless Modernist

Police in India were granted a court order yesterday to remove two artworks by the late M.F. Husain from the Delhi Art Gallery. A visitor to the Husain: The Timeless Modernist exhibition made a police complaint on 4th December last year, after being offended by depictions of the gods Ganesha and Hanuman touching nude female figures. The retrospective ran from 26th October to 14th December last year.

The works in question are the ink drawing Untitled (Ganesha) and the serigraph print Untitled (Hanuman). They have not been on display since the exhibition closed. All news reports of the police seizure have described the artworks inaccurately as paintings, and their titles have not been reported elsewhere.

Husain, who died in self-imposed exile in 2011, was India’s greatest modern artist. Hundreds of obscenity charges were filed against him in 2006 after he exhibited his painting Bharat Mata (‘mother India’), though he was exonerated by India’s Supreme Court in 2008.

1001 Movie Posters: Designs of the Times

1001 Movie Posters: Designs of the Times, released last year, is described by its publisher as “the most comprehensive collection of movie posters ever published,” and it lives up to that claim. Many of the 1,001 posters are full-page images, and all are beautifully reproduced in vibrant colour on matte paper.

With such an extensive selection, and more than 600 pages, the most iconic film posters — such as Metropolis (the rare export version), Frankenstein (the first example of a teaser poster), and The Man with the Golden Arm (designed by Saul Bass) — are all included. Editor Tony Nourmand is the founder of Reel Art Press, publishers of this and other books on the art of film.

Although 1001 Movie Posters features captions and credits for many of its images, and an introduction by cultural historian Christopher Frayling, it isn’t a narrative history of the film poster. Gregory J. Edwards wrote such a book, The International Film Poster, forty years ago, though it has far fewer illustrations. The bibliography in 1001 Movie Posters is also much more extensive.

The most comprehensive general surveys of poster history are The Poster by Alan Weill and Posters by Elizabeth E. Guffey. History of the Poster by Josef and Shizuko Müller-Brockmann — published in a single English, French (Histoire de l’affiche), and German (Geschichte des Plakates) edition — was the first graphic-design book on the history of the poster.

Seven (IMAX)

David Fincher’s classic thriller Seven (or, as it appears on screen, SE7EN) has been remastered in 4k and rereleased in IMAX cinemas. Fincher made dozens of digital tweaks to the film during the remastering process, most notably (and unfortunately) adding CGI clouds to shots of the sky throughout the final sequence.

The IMAX presentation maintains the film’s original aspect ratio, thus preserving Fincher’s superb widescreen framing. Curiously, one alteration to the original version is unique to IMAX: the musical score during the arrest scene has been completely removed. The music is present in the restored 4k edition, and in all previous releases, though it’s absent from the IMAX version.

“The term ‘black market’ in the story was in error...”

A US Navy veteran has won a defamation lawsuit against CNN. Zachary Young sued the network in 2022, and a jury found in his favour yesterday, awarding him $5 million in damages.

Young was hired by large corporations to help evacuate their employees from Afghanistan amid the chaos following the American military withdrawal from the country. CNN’s Alexander Marquardt investigated claims of evacuation payments in a report broadcast on The Lead on 11th November 2021.

A chyron in the TV report stated that Afghan individuals trying to leave the country “FACE BLACK MARKETS, EXORBITANT FEES”, and Young was the only person named in connection with the allegations. Young denied seeking payment from individuals, and argued that CNN falsely accused him of illegally exploiting those seeking to escape the country.

Once Young filed his lawsuit, CNN broadcast an apology on 25th March 2022: “the use of the term ‘black market’ in the story was in error... We didn’t mean to suggest that Mr Young participated in the black market.”

Peril by Bob Woodward and Robert Costa, and The Fight of His Life by Chris Whipple, both discuss Joe Biden’s decision to pull US troops out of Afghanistan. The Last Politician by Franklin Foer covers the logistics of the Afghan evacuation itself.

Shakespeare Must Die

Ing K.’s film Shakespeare Must Die (เชคสเปียร์ต้องตาย) will be shown at Chiang Mai University’s Faculty of Social Sciences on 22nd January, as part of their ดูหนังกับสังวิท (‘watch movies with Social Sciences’) programme. The film was finally released last year after more than a decade in legal limbo, and has since been shown at Burapha University.

Shakespeare Must Die was banned by the Ministry of Culture in 2012, and the ban was upheld by the Administrative Court in 2017. Ing’s battle with the censors, documented in her film Censor Must Die (เซ็นเซอร์ต้องตาย), went all the way to the Supreme Court, which lifted the ban in February 2024 following the liberalised censorship policy announced by the National Soft Power Strategy Committee at the beginning of last year.

Shakespeare Must Die is a Thai adaptation of William Shakespeare’s Macbeth, with Pisarn Pattanapeeradej in the lead role. The play is presented in two parallel versions: a production in period costume, and a contemporary political interpretation. The period version is faithful to Shakespeare’s original, though it also breaks the fourth wall, with cutaways to the audience and an interval outside the theatre (featuring a cameo by the director).

In the contemporary sequences, Macbeth is reimagined as Mekhdeth, a prime minister facing a crisis. Street protesters shout “ok pbai!” (‘get out!’), and the protests are infiltrated by assassins listed in the credits as ‘men in black’. Ing has downplayed any direct link to Thai politics, though “Thaksin ok pbai!” was the People’s Alliance for Democracy’s rallying cry against Thaksin Shinawatra, and ‘men in black’ were blamed for instigating violence in 2010. Another satirical line in the script — “Dear Leader brings happy-ocracy!” — predicts Prayut Chan-o-cha’s propaganda song Returning Happiness to the Thai Kingdom (คืนความสุขให้ประเทศไทย).

The parallels between Mekhdeth and Thaksin highlight the politically-motivated nature of the ban imposed on the film. Ironically, the project was initially funded by the Ministry of Culture, during Abhisit Vejjajiva’s premiership: it received a grant from the ไทยเข้มแข็ง (‘strong Thailand’) stimulus package. The Abhisit government was only too happy to greenlight a script criticising Thaksin, though by the time the film was finished, Thaksin’s sister Yingluck was in power, and her administration was somewhat less disposed to this anti-Thaksin satire, hence the ban.

Although the film was made more than a decade ago, its message is arguably more timely than ever, as Thaksin’s influence over Thai politics continues. He returned to Thailand in 2023, and his Pheu Thai Party is now leading a coalition with the political wing of the military junta.

The film’s climax, a recreation of the 6th October 1976 massacre, is its most controversial sequence. A photograph by Neal Ulevich, taken during the massacre, shows a vigilante preparing to hit a corpse with a chair, and Shakespeare Must Die restages the incident. A hanging body (symbolising Shakespeare himself) is repeatedly hit with a chair, though rather than dwelling on the violence, Ing cuts to reaction shots of the crowd, which (as in 1976) resembles a baying mob.

Ing was interviewed in Thai Cinema Uncensored, and the book details the full story behind the ban. Ing doesn’t mince her words in the interview, describing the censors as “a bunch of trembling morons with the power of life and death over our films.” Thai Cinema Uncensored also includes an insider’s account from a member of the appeals committee, who said he was obliged by his department head to vote against releasing the film: “I had to vote no, because it was an instruction from my director. But if I could have voted freely, I would have voted yes.”

The Golden Snail Series

Chulayarnnon Siriphol’s Birth of Golden Snail (กำเนิดหอยทากทอง) will be shown this weekend as part of The Golden Snail Series (วัฒนธรรม​หอยทากทอง), a programme of five short films by the artist that feature his golden snail motif. There will be two screenings, each followed by Q&A sessions with Chulayarnnon: at A.E.Y. Space in Songkla on 18th January, and at Lorem Ipsum in Hat Yai on the following day.

Birth of Golden Snail was banned from the Thailand Biennale in 2018, and had its first public screening at the following year’s 30th Singapore International Film Festival. Its Thai premiere was at the 23rd Thai Short Film and Video Festival (เทศกาลภาพยนตร์สั้น ครั้งที่ 23), and it was shown last year at Infringes. Chulayarnnon discussed the film in an interview for Thai Cinema Uncensored.

The other short films in the programme are Golden Spiral (โกลเด้น สไปรัล), The Internationale (แองเตอร์นาซิอองนาล), ANG48 (เอเอ็นจี48), and How to Explain “Monument to the Fourth International” to the Dead Golden Snail (เรารักภูมิพลังวัฒนธรรมละมุนละม่อมนุ่มนิ่ม). Golden Spiral was first shown at Ghost:2561. ANG48 was first shown at Shadow Dancing, and later at Wildtype 2023, ใช้แล้ว ใช้อยู่ ใช้ต่อ (‘I’ve used it, I’m using it, I’ll keep using it’), The 27th Thai Short Film and Video Festival (เทศกาลภาพยนตร์สั้น ครั้งที่ 27), and the Short Film Marathon 27 (หนังสั้นมาราธอน 27).

How to Explain “Monument to the Fourth International” to the Dead Golden Snail was also the title of Chulayarnnon’s installation at the Silpa Bhirasri Creativity Grants 23 (นิทรรศการทุนสร้างสรรค์ศิลปกรรม ศิลป์ พีระศรี ครั้งที่ 23) group exhibition, on show from 15th September to 23rd November last year at Silpakorn University Art Centre in Bangkok. The installation included a framed letter from the Office of Contemporary Art and Culture asking the director to cut ‘objectionable’ footage from Birth of Golden Snail.

The Grandmaster:After Tang Chang

Vichit Nongnual’s new exhibition The Grandmaster: After Tang Chang (สนทนากับปรมาจารย์ จ่าง แซ่ตั้ง) pays homage to one of Thailand’s greatest modern artists. Using a diverse range of media — acrylic paint, wool, wax, and ceramic — Vichit has produced meticulous recreations of Chang’s works.

One of Chang’s most famous self-portraits, ตัดมือกวี ควักตาจิตรกร (‘cut the poet’s hands, remove the painter’s eyes’), shows the artist symbolically self-mutilated in an anguished reaction to the massacre of pro-democracy protesters that took place on 14th October 1973. Vichit has rendered this monumental oil painting as a woven tapestry, retitled Grass Land.

Chang translated the Chinese novel The True Story of Ah Q (阿Q正傳) into Thai in 1975, though it was banned and burnt along with hundreds of other books in the anti-Communist purges following the 6th October 1976 coup. Vichit has transformed piles of Chang’s books into ceramic sculptures using the Japanese raku firing process, a technique that results in black scorch marks, in a reference to the book-burning of the 1970s. (Sirisak Saengow also created ceramic versions of banned books, in Unforgetting History.)

The Grandmaster opened at La Lanta Fine Art in Bangkok on 11th January, and runs until 26th February. A lavish exhibition catalogue has also been published, featuring an informative essay by Sheryl Gwee. (Since relocating from the Sukhumvit district in 2018, La Lanta has been part of the N22 group of contemporary galleries, which also includes Gallery Ver, Cartel Artspace, and VS Gallery.)

Skyline FilmThe Graduate

The Graduate is the January highlight of Skyline Film’s monthly outdoor movie programme. Previous Skyline screenings (including Pulp Fiction, Annie Hall, and Singin’ in the Rain) were held at River City, though this year they have a new location: the rooftop of the impressive Siamscape building in Siam Square, in the centre of Bangkok.

The Graduate will be shown on 25th January. Directed by Mike Nichols, it was one of the first films of the New Hollywood era, released a few months after Bonnie and Clyde. It also has one of the greatest soundtrack albums in film history, by Simon and Garfunkel.

The film is clearly a favourite of Quentin Tarantino’s, as he has referenced it in three of his own films. The opening of Jackie Brown, with the camera following an airport travelator, is a direct imitation of The Graduate’s title sequence. In Pulp Fiction, a toaster pops up to punctuate an awkward silence, as it does in The Graduate. And in Once Upon a Time... in Hollywood, a lip trill matched to a sputtering car engine echoes the moment when the music slows as Ben’s car runs out of gas in The Graduate.

The Graduate was previously screened at the Thai Film Archive in 2020, as part of the World Class Cinema (ทึ่ง! หนังโลก) programme. It’s a classic comedy, and one of Dateline Bangkok’s 100 greatest films.

Smell Like Thai Spirit

Smell Like Teen Spirit, a new solo exhibition by graffiti artist Headache Stencil, opened at Rere Khaosan in Bangkok on 20th December last year. The exhibition, whose title is a pun on the Nirvana song Smells Like Teen Spirit, runs until 4th February.

One of the highlights is Cheese or Shroom, screenprints of Thaksin Shinawatra’s face in various colours. The initial series featured yellow and blue polka-dotted prints, representing the cheese and mushrooms of the title. The artist has also added red and white versions, and Thaksin has agreed to sign the red edition before it’s sold.

Headache Stencil’s real name is Pang-samornnon Yaem-uthai. His previous exhibitions in Bangkok include Thailand Casino, Do or Die (ดูดาย), and Propaganda Children’s Day (วันเด็กชั่งชาติ). His one-day group exhibition Uncensored was followed by Uncensored 2 in Chiang Mai and a longer exhibition also titled Uncensored (ศิลปะปลดปล่อย).

Headache Stencil’s work is featured in two books on Thai graffiti artists: Bangkok Street Art and Bangkok Street Art and Graffiti (สตรีทอาร์ตกับกราฟฟิตีในกรุงเทพฯ). The Faith of Graffiti was the first study of graffiti as an art form, and Trespass is a global history of street art.

To a Friend I Have Never Met

Today is New Year’s Eve, though lèse-majesté suspects, and those who have fled the country to avoid lèse-majesté charges, are unable to celebrate with their families. Chatchawal Thongjun, director of From Forest to City (อรัญนคร), has made a new short film for the new year dedicated to lèse-majesté prisoners: To a Friend I Have Never Met (แด่เพื่อนที่ไม่รู้จัก).

The documentary shows footage of protesters campaigning for the release of Arnon Nampa and all other political prisoners, while its soundtrack is a conversation about the plight of those in self-exile who are unable to return to Thailand. The speakers compare the dire situation to dystopian fiction: “It’s as hard as in Squid Game [오징어 게임]. If you want to stay here you have to bow your head and respect them. No questions allowed. No doubts allowed. Because otherwise, it’ll be like in 1984.”

With its compassionate focus on the plight of those charged with lèse-majesté, To a Friend I Have Never Met is similar to Koraphat Cheeradit’s Yesterday Is Another Day, Apichatpong Weerasethakul’s Ashes, and Vichart Somkaew’s Contemporary Thai Political Trilogy (ไตรภาคการเมืองร่วมสมัยไทย). (Thai Cinema Uncensored discusses the impact of the lèse-majesté law on Thai filmmakers, and their responses to it.)

SK13: Kubrick’s Endgame

Stanley Kubrick died in March 1999, and his final film, Eyes Wide Shut, was released posthumously four months later. have always surrounded the film’s post-production, as Kubrick was known for making alterations to his films right up to — and sometimes even after — their theatrical releases. Kubrick screened Eyes Wide Shut for its stars Tom Cruise and Nicole Kidman in the days before he died, but this was not the final cut, and subsequent changes were made by the studio after his death. (Full disclosure: having seen a workprint of Eyes Wide Shut, this is not mere speculation on my part.)

In their book on Eyes Wide Shut, Nathan Abrams and Robert Kolker dismiss rumours about the film’s state of completion as “ultimately irrelevant and certainly counterproductive to our understanding of the film and the pleasure we take from it”, though in their Kubrick biography they call the issue “the most serious controversy of Kubrick’s career”. Tony Zierra clearly agrees with the latter position, and his new documentary SK13: Kubrick’s Endgame attempts to clear up some of the questions regarding Eyes Wide Shut’s post-production.

In a voiceover narration, Zierra describes the reaction to Eyes Wide Shut when the film was screened for Cruise, Kidman, and the Warner Bros. studio heads: “It was widely reported that the private screening in New York was a success, that what was shown that night was Kubrick’s final cut, and the studio executives were happy. But after years of research, I discovered that what happened after the screening contradicted what was publicly reported. Although the two stars were enthusiastic, the film everybody was waiting to see for years was viewed by the studio executives as shockingly bad”.

While Zierra doesn’t provide any evidence to back up that bold claim, his film does feature revealing new interviews with former Warner Bros. executive Julian Senior and Eyes Wide Shut cinematographer Larry Smith, who hint at the unease surrounding the film’s post-production. Like Abrams and Kolker, Zierra found production documents in the Kubrick Archive listing the changes required to the film. It has been previously reported, for instance, that the voice of the character played by Abigail Good was later redubbed by Cate Blanchett, and SK13 includes a rare recording of Good’s original audio track.

The documentary also contains other exclusive material, including a brief appearance by Kubrick in actress Marie Richardson’s audition video. Extracts from Michel Ciment’s interviews with Kubrick are played at several points in the film. Some of these Ciment clips were also featured in Grégory Monro’s earlier documentary Kubrick by Kubrick (Kubrick par Kubrick). At one point, SK13 uses artifical intelligence to recreate Kubrick’s voice, though the disclaimer that the recording is AI-generated is buried among the end credits.

Although it raises important issues about the release of Eyes Wide Shut, SK13’s analysis of Kubrick’s thirteenth feature film is hard to take seriously. It points out continuity errors as if they had some special significance — they don’t — and identifies unconvincing hidden symbols in the film’s props. Bizarrely, Zierra seems to believe that an accidental split-second reflection of a crew member was a deliberate artistic choice of Kubrick’s, and he presents this as a major revelation (which it certainly isn’t). SK13 ultimately has too many echoes of the implausible conspiracy theories in Rodney Ascher’s documentary Room 237.

Fall

Nipan Oranniwesna’s solo exhibition Fall was held at Jing Jai Gallery in Chiang Mai, from 1st March to 2nd June. The exhibition included several works from 2020 that refer to events leading up to the 6th October 1976 massacre at Thammasat University. An installation from the exhibition, Then, One Morning, They Were Found Dead and Hanged, was previously shown at the Thailand Biennale in Chiang Rai.

Then, One Morning, They Were Found Dead and Hanged dominated the gallery floor, with capital letters carved from teakwood that read “THEN, ONE MORNING, THEY WERE FOUND DEAD AND HANGED. IT WAS LATER ESTABLISHED, THAT THEY WERE DONE TO DEATH BEFORE THEY WERE HUNG.” This text refers to Choomporn Thummai and Vichai Kasripongsa, two men who were hanged by police from a gate in Nakhon Pathom on 25th September 1976, after they campaigned against military dictator Thanom Kittikachorn’s return from exile.

Thammasat students staged a reenactment of the hanging on 4th October 1976, and the right-wing Dao Siam (ดาวสยาม) newspaper reported this on its front page two days later, with a photograph of one of the students, Apinan Buahapakdee. Apinan bore a slight and coincidental resemblance to King Vajiralongkorn, who was Crown Prince at the time, and the newspaper accused the students of “แขวนคอหุ่นเหมือนเจ้าฟ้าชาย” (‘burning the Crown Prince in effigy’). It was this incendiary and false headline that led vigilante groups to storm the campus.

Nipan’s teakwood text appears on painted clouds, which are based on a photograph taken by the artist on 24th June 2020, the anniversary of Thailand’s 1932 transition to a constitutional monarchy. This metaphorical reference — the sky as an indirect allusion to the monarchy — has also been employed by other artists: t_047’s single ไม่มีคนบนฟ้า (‘no one in the sky’), and Wittawat Tongkeaw’s installation Creation-Conclusion (เริ่ม-จบ). Wittawat commented on the metaphor with the title of his painting It’s Just the Sky, Nothing More.

The gate from which the two activists were hanged was rediscovered by Patporn Phoothong in 2017. A photograph of the gate (simply titled Gate) was also part of Fall, shown alongside framed reproductions of a twelve-page account of the Thammasat massacre — titled Ungpakorn [sic] — typed by Puey Ungphakorn (a former rector at Thammasat) on 25th November 1976.

Patporn made a short documentary about the case, The Two Brothers (สองพนอง), and exhibited the gate itself at Thammasat in 2019. A split-second image of the gate appears in Tewprai Bualoi’s short film Friendship Ended with Mudasir Now Salman Is My Best Friend (มิตรภาพสิ้นสุดกับ Mudasir ตอนนี้ Salman คือเพื่อนที่ดีที่สุดของฉัน). The gate has inspired several paintings, including Jirapatt Aungsumalee’s ประตูแดง (‘red gate’) and Pachara Piyasongsoot’s What a Wonderful World, and the poster Just Because You Can’t See It, Doesn’t Mean It Didn’t Happen.

Oblivion: The Original Texts

The short film Oblivion: The Original Texts (เลือน: บทประพันธ์ดั้งเดิม), a collage of found footage woven into a magical realist allegory, begins with the sound of gunshots, stills from the recent film Taklee Genesis (ตาคลี เจเนซิส), and a voiceover in which a student, Burindh, describes the 1976 massacre at Thammasat University: “A gunshot has been fired. Sending its vibrating wave upon my chest.”

As the poetic voiceover continues, the narrator recalls how he fled not only from the Thammasat campus but from Bangkok itself, which “is not the city of the people. It is not the city of ordinary people”. (These lines are juxtaposed with vintage newsreel footage of the Ananta Samakhom Throne Hall and the Grand Palace, symbolic buildings that have also featured in some of the director’s previous short films.)

As he escapes from his attackers, Burindh asks: “if I don’t possess this ideology that’s different than them, would they still aim their bullets at me?” The question is as relevant now as it was in 1976, as riot police fired rubber bullets at student protesters in 2021 and 2022. The film uses footage of a protest against Ampon Tangnoppakul’s conviction for lèse-majesté, taken from the short film Ashes, to hint at the ideology of Burindh and the recent protesters.

In 1976, a prominent monk, Kittivuddho Bhikku, pronounced that killing Communists was equivalent to merely catching fish, in a signal to the royalist vigilante groups who stormed the Thammasat campus a few months later. Images of fish in the documentary The Terrorists (ผู้ก่อการร้าย) were metaphors for the monk’s comments, though Oblivion goes a stage further: Burindh transforms into a goby fish and swims away from Bangkok.

Burindh’s metamorphosis is similar to that of Boonsong, the monkey spirit in Uncle Boonmee Who Can Recall His Past Lives (ลุงบุญมีระลึกชาติ), another student who fled from persecution and transformed into an animal. Burindh meets Boonsong, his (literal) kindred spirit, who reassures him that his memories (and, by implication, Thailand’s political traumas) will not be forgotten as long as they are retold.

Oblivion is the latest of more than fifty films that refer to the Thammasat massacre. (The previous examples are discussed in Thai Cinema Uncensored.) It was directed under the pseudonym Burindh the Golden Goby, and it will be followed by Oblivion: The Non-human Interpretation, which will be shown next year as part of Bangkok Design Week.

Save it with Our Eyes

Twenty short films will be shown this evening at the Ready for the Weekend coffee shop in Khon Kaen, as part of the ‘save micro cinema’ campaign. The Save It with Our Eyes programme includes Vichart Somkaew’s The Letter from Silence (จดหมายจากความเงียบ) and Chaweng Chaiyawan’s Please... See Us (หว่างีมอละ).

The campaign began earlier this week, after Bangkok’s boutique Doc Club and Pub cinema announced that it could no longer screen films. On 20th June, Doc Club began showing Sarawut Intaraprom’s Pup (สุนัข และ เจ้านาย), which was rated ‘20’, and three staff from the Ministry of Culture were on site to ensure that audience IDs were being checked. They discovered that the venue had never applied for a cinema licence, and advised that it could continue to operate during the application process.

However, Doc Club’s licence application was ultimately rejected, as its location, the Woof Pack building, does not have sufficient access. (The cinema can only be reached via narrow staircases.) In a statement posted on social media on 16th December, Doc Club explained (perhaps naively) that they had not realised that a cinema licence was necessary, and that they were attempting to find a more suitable location.

The Letter from Silence was previously screened as part of The 28th Thai Short Film and Video Festival (เทศกาลภาพยนตร์สั้น ครั้งที่ 28) and the Short Film Marathon 28 (หนังสั้นมาราธอน 28). Please... See Us was shown at Maejo University in Chiang Mai earlier this year, at Chiang Mai University, and at a Chaweng retrospective in Phattalung. It had an outdoor screening in Chiang Mai last year. It has been screened twice at Doc Club, in 2021 and 2023. It was shown in Phayao as part of Wildtype 2021, and in Salaya at the 25th Thai Short Film and Video Festival (เทศกาลภาพยนตร์สั้น ครั้งที่ 25).

Nosferatu:A Symphony of Horror

Nosferatu: A Symphony of Horror (Eine Symphonie des Grauens), made more than a hundred years ago, is returning to the big screen. It will be shown tonight at Ruammitrhouse in Chiang Rai, with live musical accompaniment by Count 3–0 (as part of the Silent-Cine: Interlude programme), and at House Samyan in Bangkok on 2nd–9th, 11th, 12th, 15th, 17th, 18th, and 19th January 2025.

F.W. Murnau’s classic film, an unauthorised adaptation of Dracula, is a masterpiece of horror and German Expressionism. It contains some of the most iconic images in silent cinema, especially the sequence in which the vampire, seen only as a shadow, glides up a staircase and extends his talons to clutch his victim’s heart.

Nosferatu was also shown in Bangkok earlier this year at GalileOasis, and in 2018 at Cinema Winehouse. It had a gala screening at the Scala cinema in 2016, as the opening film of the 3rd Silent Film Festival in Thailand (เทศกาลภาพยนตร์เงียบ ประเทศไทย ครั้งที่ 3).

Unleashed

Boris Johnson’s memoir Unleashed is almost 800 pages long, though there are only a handful of genuinely interesting passages amid the self-congratulatory prose. The most curious of these is an anecdote implying that Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu planted a bug in the UK Foreign Secretary’s private bathroom: Johnson writes that Netanyahu used the room during a visit to the Foreign Office, and that during a subsequent security sweep “they found a listening device in the thunderbox.”

Johnson is clearly aware of his reputation, characterising himself in his opponents’ eyes as “the monstruous Johnson, the beast of Brexit and the big bullshitting bus, the Pied Piper who played the devil’s tunes and led the people to perdition.” He later describes the Vote Leave campaign bus as “the great red bus of truth”, just one of numerous misleading and unretracted claims about the European Union. When he decided to campaign for Brexit, he says that David Cameron told him: “I will fuck you up forever.”

He acknowledges making “many goofs”, though he is unrepentant about his major failings. He refuses to accept the Supreme Court’s ruling that his prorogation of parliament was illegal, and nicknames Brenda Hale “Spiderwoman” after a brooch she wore while reading the judgement. He is also unapologetic about ‘partygate’, and in fact he now regrets the “rather pathetic apologies” he made at the time. Despite a Privileges Committee report accusing him of repeatedly lying to the House of Commons, he insists that he “hadn’t misled Parliament, certainly not intentionally,” and calls the committee members “my enemies.” This is a consistent theme, as he also blames his partygate fine on people “determined to bring me down.”

Anthony Seldon’s Johnson at Ten is a much more objective account of Johnson’s premiership (as is Tim Shipman’s new book Out), and Sebastian Payne’s The Fall of Boris Johnson is a detailed study of the final months of the Johnson government. The other recent memoirs by former UK prime ministers are A Journey by Tony Blair, My Life, Our Times by Gordon Brown, For the Record by David Cameron, and two less conventional examples: The Abuse of Power by Theresa May and Ten Years to Save the West by Liz Truss.